Federal Underpayment of Estimated Tax by Individuals, Estates, and Trusts

Underpayment of Estimated Tax by Individuals, Estates, and Trusts
2023 Form 2210
Form

2210

Department of the Treasury
Internal Revenue Service

Underpayment of Estimated Tax by
Individuals, Estates, and Trusts

OMB No. 1545-0140

Attach to Form 1040, 1040-SR, 1040-NR, or 1041.
Go to www.irs.gov/Form2210 for instructions and the latest information.

2023
Attachment
Sequence No. 06
Identifying number

Name(s) shown on tax return

Do You Have To File Form 2210?
Complete lines 1 through 7 below. Is line 4 or line 7 less than
$1,000?
No
▼

Complete lines 8 and 9 below. Is line 6 equal to or more than
line 9?
No
▼

You may owe a penalty. Does any box in Part II below apply?

Yes

Yes

Yes

▶

Don’t file Form 2210. You don’t owe a penalty.

▶

You don’t owe a penalty. Don’t file Form 2210 unless
box E in Part II applies, then file page 1 of Form 2210.

▶

You must file Form 2210. Does box B, C, or D in Part II
apply?

No

No

Yes

▶

You must figure your penalty.

▼

Don’t file Form 2210. You aren’t required to figure
your penalty because the IRS will figure it and send
you a bill for any unpaid amount. If you want to figure
it, you may use Part III as a worksheet and enter your
penalty amount on your tax return, but don’t file Form
2210.

Part I

▼

You aren’t required to figure your penalty because the IRS
will figure it and send you a bill for any unpaid amount. If you
want to figure it, you may use Part III as a worksheet and
enter your penalty amount on your tax return, but file only
page 1 of Form 2210.

Required Annual Payment

1 Enter your 2023 tax after credits from Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR, line 22. (See the
instructions if not filing Form 1040.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2 Other taxes, including self-employment tax and, if applicable, Additional Medicare Tax and/or Net
Investment Income Tax (see instructions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
3 Other payments and refundable credits (see instructions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 (
)
4 Current year tax. Combine lines 1, 2, and 3. If less than $1,000, stop; you don’t owe a penalty.
Don’t file Form 2210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
5 Multiply line 4 by 90% (0.90) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
6 Withholding taxes. Don’t include estimated tax payments. See instructions . . . . . . . .
6
7 Subtract line 6 from line 4. If less than $1,000, stop; you don’t owe a penalty. Don’t file Form 2210
7
8 Maximum required annual payment based on prior year’s tax (see instructions) . . . . . . .
8
9 Required annual payment. Enter the smaller of line 5 or line 8 . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
Next: Is line 9 more than line 6?
No. You don’t owe a penalty. Don’t file Form 2210 unless box E below applies.
Yes. You may owe a penalty, but don’t file Form 2210 unless one or more boxes in Part II below applies.
• If box B, C, or D applies, you must figure your penalty and file Form 2210.
• If box A or E applies (but not B, C, or D), file only page 1 of Form 2210. You aren’t required to figure your penalty; the IRS
will figure it and send you a bill for any unpaid amount. If you want to figure your penalty, you may use Part III as a worksheet
and enter your penalty on your tax return, but file only page 1 of Form 2210.
Part II Reasons for Filing. Check applicable boxes. If none apply, don’t file Form 2210.
A
You request a waiver (see instructions) of your entire penalty. You must check this box and file page 1 of Form 2210, but you
aren’t required to figure your penalty.
B
You request a waiver (see instructions) of part of your penalty. You must figure your penalty and waiver amount and file Form
2210.
C
Your income varied during the year and your penalty is reduced or eliminated when figured using the annualized income
installment method. You must figure the penalty using Schedule Al and file Form 2210.
D
Your penalty is lower when figured by treating the federal income tax withheld from your income as paid on the dates it was
actually withheld, instead of in equal amounts on the payment due dates. You must figure your penalty and file Form 2210.
You filed or are filing a joint return for either 2022 or 2023, but not for both years, and line 8 above is smaller than line 5
E
above. You must file page 1 of Form 2210, but you aren’t required to figure your penalty (unless box B, C, or D applies).
For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see separate instructions.

Cat. No. 11744P

Form 2210 (2023)

Page 2

Form 2210 (2023)

Part III

Penalty Computation (See the instructions if you’re filing Form 1040-NR.)
Payment Due Dates
Section A—Figure Your Underpayment
(a)
(b)
(c)
4/15/23

6/15/23

(d)
1/15/24

9/15/23

10 Required installments. If box C in Part II applies,
enter the amounts from Schedule AI, line 27.
Otherwise, enter 25% (0.25) of line 9, Form 2210, in
each column. For fiscal year filers, see instructions 10
11 Estimated tax paid and tax withheld (see the
instructions). For column (a) only, also enter the
amount from line 11 on line 15, column (a). If line 11
is equal to or more than line 10 for all payment
periods, stop here; you don’t owe a penalty. Don’t
file Form 2210 unless you checked a box in Part II 11
Complete lines 12 through 18 of one column before going to line 12 of the next column.
12 Enter the amount, if any, from line 18 in the previous
column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
13 Add lines 11 and 12 . . . . . . . . . . . 13
14 Add the amounts on lines 16 and 17 in the previous
column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
15 Subtract line 14 from line 13. If zero or less, enter
-0-. For column (a) only, enter the amount from line
11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
16 If line 15 is zero, subtract line 13 from line 14.
Otherwise, enter -0- . . . . . . . . . . . 16
17 Underpayment. If line 10 is equal to or more than line
15, subtract line 15 from line 10. Then go to line 12 of
the next column. Otherwise, go to line 18 . . . . 17
18 Overpayment. If line 15 is more than line 10,
subtract line 10 from line 15. Then go to line 12 of
the next column . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Section B—Figure the Penalty (Use the Worksheet for Form 2210, Part III, Section B—Figure the Penalty in the instructions.)
19 Penalty. Enter the total penalty from line 14 of the Worksheet for Form 2210, Part III, Section B—Figure
the Penalty. Include this amount on Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR, line 38; or Form 1041, line 27.
Don’t file Form 2210 unless you checked a box in Part II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

Form 2210 (2023)

Page 3

Form 2210 (2023)

Schedule AI—Annualized Income Installment Method (See the instructions.)
Estates and trusts, don’t use the period ending dates shown to the right.
Instead, use the following: 2/28/23, 4/30/23, 7/31/23, and 11/30/23.

Part I

(a)
1/1/23–3/31/23

(b)
1/1/23–5/31/23

(c)
1/1/23–8/31/23

(d)
1/1/23–12/31/23

Annualized Income Installments

1 Enter your adjusted gross income for each period. See
instructions. (Estates and trusts, enter your taxable
income without your exemption for each period.) . .
2 Annualization amounts. (Estates and trusts, see instructions.)
3 Annualized income. Multiply line 1 by line 2 . . .

1
2
3

4

2.4

1.5

1

4 If you itemize, enter itemized deductions for the period
shown in each column. All others, enter -0-, and skip
to line 7. Exception: Estates and trusts, skip to line 9 .
5 Annualization amounts . . . . . . . . . .
6 Multiply line 4 by line 5 . . . . . . . . . .

4
5
6

4

2.4

1.5

1

7 In each column, enter the amount of your standard
deduction from Form 1040 or 1040-SR. (Form 1040-NR
filers, enter -0-. Exception: Indian students and business
apprentices, see instructions.)
. . . . . . . .
8 Enter the larger of line 6 or line 7 . . . . . . .

7
8

22.5%

45%

67.5%

90%

9 Deduction for qualified business income. Estates and
trusts: Subtract this amount from the amount on line 3, skip
line 10, and enter the result on line 11 . . . . . . .
10 Add lines 8 and 9 . . . . . . . . . . . .
11 Subtract line 10 from line 3
. . . . . . . .
12 Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR filers, enter -0- in
each column. (Estates and trusts, see instructions.)
13 Subtract line 12 from line 11. If zero or less, enter -014 Figure your tax on the amount on line 13. See instructions
15 Self-employment tax from line 36 (complete Part II below)
16 Enter other taxes for each payment period
including, if applicable, Additional Medicare Tax
and/or Net Investment Income Tax. See instructions
17 Total tax. Add lines 14, 15, and 16 . . . . . .
18 For each period, enter the same type of credits as allowed
on Form 2210, Part I, lines 1 and 3. See instructions . .
19 Subtract line 18 from line 17. If zero or less, enter -0- .
20 Applicable percentage . . . . . . . . . .
21 Multiply line 19 by line 20 . . . . . . . . .

9
10
11
12
13
14
15

16
17
18
19
20
21

Complete lines 22–27 of one column before going to line 22 of the next column.
22
23
24
25
26
27

Enter the total of the amounts in all previous columns of line 27
Subtract line 22 from line 21. If zero or less, enter -0Enter 25% (0.25) of line 9 on page 1 of Form 2210 in each column
Subtract line 27 of the previous column from line 26 of that column
Add lines 24 and 25 . . . . . . . . . . .
Enter the smaller of line 23 or line 26 here and on
Form 2210, Part III, line 10 . . . . . . . . .

Part II

22
23
24
25
26
27

Annualized Self-Employment Tax (Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-NR filers only)

28 Net earnings from self-employment for the period (see instructions) 28
29 Prorated social security tax limit . . . . . . . 29
30 Enter actual wages for the period subject to social security tax
or the 6.2% portion of the 7.65% railroad retirement (tier 1) tax.
Exception: If you filed Form 4137 or Form 8919, see instructions
31 Subtract line 30 from line 29. If zero or less, enter -0- .
32 Annualization amounts . . . . . . . . . .
33 Multiply line 32 by the smaller of line 28 or line 31 .
34 Annualization amounts . . . . . . . . . .
35 Multiply line 28 by line 34 . . . . . . . . .
36 Add lines 33 and 35. Enter here and on line 15 above

30
31
32
33
34
35
36

$40,050

$66,750

$106,800

$160,200

0.496

0.2976

0.186

0.124

0.116

0.0696

0.0435

0.029
Form 2210 (2023)